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Meningitis Resource Links
Washtenaw County Health Department Fact Sheet: Bacterial Meningitis Washtenaw County Health Department Fact Sheet: Viral Meningitis |
Meningitis is an inflammation of the membranes covering the brain and spinal chord.
It is most often caused by viral or bacterial infections. Other causes include chemical irritation, drug allergies, fungi, and tumors.
Acute bacterial meningitis can be a medical emergency and requires immediate treatment in a hospital.
Viral meningitis is milder and occurs more often than bacterial. It often affects children and young adults under 30. Most viral meningitis is associated with enteroviruses, which are viruses that commonly cause intestinal illness, though it can be caused by other viruses.
Symptoms of meningitis include:
• Fever and chills
• Mental status changes (confusion, decreased consciousness)
• Severe headache
• Stiff neck
• Sensitivity to light (photophobia)
• Nausea and vomiting
Doctors prescribe antibiotics for bacterial meningitis; the type will vary on the causative organism. Treatment of secondary symptoms including brain swelling, shock, and seizures will require other medications and some people may need to stay in the hospital for treatment, depending on the severity of the illness and treatment needed. Early diagnoses and treatment of bacterial meningitis is essential to prevent permanent neurological damage.
Viral meningitis is usually not serious, and symptoms should disappear within 2 weeks with no lasting complications. Usually rest, fluids and medication for fever control is all that is needed.
If you feel your child has symptoms of meningitis, get emergency medical help immediately. Early treatment is the key to a good outcome.
Always notify your child's school if your child is diagnosed with meningitis.